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Using the example of the management of heart disease, recent research findings illustrate the need for significant improvements to standardize the process of health care delivery. Each year, heart disease contributes to thousands of deaths. When evidence‐based standards are used to guide the care of the patient with heart disease. and aspirin and beta‐blockers are given to patients who have had a myocardial infarction, it can lower health care dollars and save lives associated with heart disease (Schulte, 2011). This is true, even if it is because aspirin use is being measured to assess provider performance (Williams, Schmaltz, Morton, Koss, & Loeb, 2005). Standardization of patient care can change the list of the top ten health care conditions, both in cost and mortality, by making patient care delivery more reliable (Table 2.8).

Table 2.8 Top 10 Causes of Death—Cost and Death

Heart disease: 199 billion Cancer: 174 billion Accidents: 75 billion Chronic lower respiratory conditions: 36 billion Stroke: 34 billion Alzheimer's disease: 215 billion Diabetes: 237 billion Influenza and pneumonia: 8.7 billion Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis :124 billion Intentional self‐harm: 69 billion

Source: CDC. (2019). FastStats—Deaths and Mortality. Retrieved from www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/deaths.htm.