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4.2 Obtaining Diagnostic Samples

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Every organization with a medical program should strive to maintain some minimum diagnostic testing supplies and equipment for an in‐house laboratory. See Box 4.1. Such items are commonly available through veterinary and medical supply distributors at minimal cost (<$500 for disposable supplies listed in Box 4.1). Inexpensive, gently used diagnostic equipment can often be found online or through local human hospitals. Maintaining an in‐house laboratory will allow the practitioner to establish a presumptive or definitive diagnosis in the majority of infectious diseases common in animal shelters. An in‐house laboratory also supports the ability to perform all the diagnostic procedures described in the sections on core diagnostic tools and primary diagnostic testing, and many of the procedures in the section on secondary diagnostic testing. Additional supplies and equipment can be obtained when expanding the scope of an in‐house laboratory or as needed for the routine collection of samples for submission to diagnostic laboratories. In many cases, diagnostic laboratories will provide sample or test‐specific collection equipment at no charge. Care should be taken to ensure that the type and number of samples, the manner of collection (i.e. sterility), along with the collection container (including preservatives or additives) are appropriate for both the type of diagnostic test to be conducted and the interpretation of its results.

Infectious Disease Management in Animal Shelters

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