Читать книгу Handbook of Clinical Gender Medicine - Группа авторов - Страница 98

A complementary evolutionary hypothesis put forth by Taylor et al. [16] states that men and women generally cope differently with stress. Accordingly, the primary stress response pattern for men is the ‘fight-or-flight’ response, whereas women might be more prone to engage in ‘tend-and-befriend’ mechanisms, such as nurturing and socializing behaviors that protect against the demands of pregnancy, nursing, and child care. This construct might shed some light on the sex differences found in the AL literature that are moderated by social networks and relational factors (table 1). Furthermore, these gender factors differ significantly from one society and culture to another. In the interest of improving the health and well-being of all citizens, it is important that medical professionals be aware of these subtle yet pronounced nuances between as well as within groups of people. Encouragingly, the AL model has received cross-cultural support, suggesting that it is a promising heuristic platform to explore age, sex, and gender differences vis-a-vis diagnostic criteria, clinical approaches, and perhaps even eventual treatment strategies.