Читать книгу The Nursing Associate's Handbook of Clinical Skills - Группа авторов - Страница 96

All teams are groups, but not all groups are teams. A group is a collection of people who have something in common, such as a common interest or culture. Generally, a person may be in a variety of groups (friendship, sporting, religious, hobbies, social, and so forth), and these informal groups do not need to have a goal or a specific intention; they are simply people enjoying being together. In contrast, a team is defined by the National Health Service (NHS) Leadership Academy (2013) as a group of people who work together towards a common goal. When people run in a race, for example, they are a group, and when they work together to achieve a certain finish time, they are a team. A team can be of any size depending on the task required. To be functional, a team needs to utilise the best qualities of each member, and in order to do that, it is essential that these qualities are recognised.

Working in a team is a complex process and it is important to understand the details of this (Salas et al. 2018). There are many different roles within a team, and it is important to understand these. If everyone did the same thing at the same time, the end goal would not be achieved. Different people with different strengths are needed to make sure a goal can be achieved. Keeping with the running example, some runners are stronger in the first part of the race, some are good finishers and some are good on hills. If their different strengths are utilised at different times, the goal for the team is more likely to be met. For effective teamwork, understanding these strengths and utilising them is essential. It is therefore helpful to look at the different personality types and how their strengths can be utilised best.