Читать книгу Bovine Reproduction - Группа авторов - Страница 59

Sertoli cells (SC) play an indispensable role in the regulation of spermatogenesis, establishing the rate of spermatogenesis, and in development and movement of germ cells [33, 34]. SC are one of the most complex and dynamic cells in biology [35].

The cell was first described by and hence named after Enrico Sertoli [36]. SC are large irregular shaped columnar cells extending from the base of the ST to the apex of the ST and occupy 17–19% volume of the tubule [34]. The large surface area of SC allows for interaction with an enormous number of germ cells as the SC to germ cell ratio in adult rats is about 1 : 50 [37]. SC are the most important somatic cells of testes and possess high plasticity synchronized with cyclic evolution of germ cells. The cells change their structure during their development and according to the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium. At any life point, SC of type A and type B are seen in the ST. Type A SC have cytoplasmic crypts for attachment of mature spermatids ready for release into the ST lumen. In type B SC such cytoplasmic crypts are less prominent or absent [38]. The SC nucleus is multilobed and the cytoplasm is rich in endoplasmic reticulum, glycoproteins, and cytoplasmic droplets; the cytoskeleton varies with the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium [39].