Читать книгу Developmental Psychopathology - Группа авторов - Страница 19

The histories of the DSM and the ICD are rooted in psychiatry and a largely categorical approach to classification and diagnosis. The ICD and DSM can also be thought of as “top down” approaches because they rely on the authoritative opinion and clinical experience of psychiatrists to organize symptoms or behaviors into groups or categories. However, there have also been individuals who have suggested that “bottom up” approaches to defining types of psychopathology are ideal. “Bottom up” approaches to the classification of psychopathology often take a statistical or factor analytic approach to organizing symptoms. One of the first articles using “bottom up” analyses to investigate the statistical covariation of symptoms was by Moore (1930). More recently, the well‐known Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA), the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), and the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) have been developed.