Читать книгу Sarcopenia - Группа авторов - Страница 14

To date, this is the most widely cited definition and the only definition that was endorsed by a range of international scientific societies (European Geriatric Medicine Society [EuGMS], European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism [ESPEN], International Association of Geriatrics and Gerontology‐European Region [IAGG‐ER], International Academy on Nutrition and Aging [IANA]) [13]. The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) defined sarcopenia as a syndrome characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, with a risk of adverse outcomes such as physical disability, decreased quality of life, and increased mortality. According to the EWGSOP criteria, diagnosis of sarcopenia required documentation of low muscle mass plus documentation of either low muscle strength or low physical performance. With the aim of encouraging the assessment of sarcopenia in all patients and all health‐care settings, the EWGSOP provided a wide range of tools that made the assessment feasible even in settings with limited resources, including a suggested algorithm for case finding based on physical performance (usual gait speed) as the easiest and most reliable first step to begin sarcopenia screening in clinical practice. However, the EWGSOP found no evidence to recommend cut‐off points for each of the parameters used in the definition. The EWGSOP also suggested dividing sarcopenia into categories (primary or age‐related and secondary sarcopenia), and sarcopenia staging to reflect the severity of the condition.

The EWGSOP initiative was strongly supported by the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (AWGS) [15]. This group collected the best available evidence of sarcopenia research from Asian countries to establish the consensus for sarcopenia diagnosis and take an extra step forward by proposing gender‐specific cut‐off values for muscle mass estimation with DXA or bioimpedance analysis, handgrip strength, and usual gait speed. In addition to sarcopenia screening for community‐dwelling older people, the AWGS recommended sarcopenia assessment in certain clinical conditions and health‐care settings to facilitate implementing sarcopenia in clinical practice.