Читать книгу The Veterinary Dental Patient: A Multidisciplinary Approach - Группа авторов - Страница 50

Several current documents list the minimum requirements for veterinary education among establishments of higher education (Directive 78/1027) and regulate professional qualification (Directive 2005/36), but without defining or describing veterinary specialization as they would for human doctors. At all European universities, veterinarians must qualify after a five‐ or six‐year curriculum, comprising a bachelor degree (three years) plus a master's degree (two years), as set out in the Bologna Process (2005).

The first Global Conference in Paris (2009) identified the need to define minimum competences that newly graduated veterinarians must have in order to provide veterinary services. The recommendations on veterinary day‐one competencies were first produced by the World Organization of Animal Health (OIE 2012). Although such recommendations do not have a legal power, nowadays, with the work of the European Association of Establishments of Veterinary Education (EAEVE), through the certification of European universities, they have improved the institutional education throughout Europe.

The Joint European Veterinary Dental Society (EVDS)/ European Veterinary Dental College (EVDC) Statement on Clinical Competencies in Small Companion Animal Dentistry and Oral Surgery states the following:

Veterinarians must possess scientific knowledge and be able to demonstrate practical skills in order to perform basic diagnostic and treatment procedures in veterinary dentistry and oral surgery, independently, at the time of graduation. At a minimum, veterinary graduates must be competent in providing entry‐level dental and oral health care for small companion animals. The veterinary university/school/college must provide training for students to meet day‐1 and for veterinarians to meet year‐1 and year‐3 competencies in small companion animal dentistry and oral surgery. Academic institutions that provide evidence for offering appropriate learning and continuing education opportunities in that regard may – upon thorough review of these opportunities – be awarded an endorsement by EVDS/EVDC.

(EVDS and EVDC 2014)

Figure 3.1 Framework for clinical assessment.

Source: Based on Miller (1990).

Day‐one skills include the following veterinary dental procedures (www.evds.org):

 Obtain a history for a dentistry and oral surgery patient

 Perform an oral examination in a conscious and anesthetized patient

 Distinguish between normal and abnormal oral and maxillofacial anatomy

 Utilize nomenclature accepted in dentistry and oral surgery

 Use the modified Triadan system for numbering teeth

 Identify and name normal anatomical structures on a dental radiograph

 Interpret and fill out an oral examination assessment form

 Demonstrate the use of a dental explorer, periodontal probe, and dental mirror

 Perform a professional dental cleaning with scaling and polishing

 Explain and demonstrate home oral care/hygiene measures

 Recognize and relieve pain in dentistry and oral surgery patients

 Understand the rational use of antibiotics in dentistry and oral surgery

 Know when and how to refer a dentistry and oral surgery patient to a specialistIt is remarkable that there are no surgical skills on this list, despite extraction being a very frequent surgical oral procedure. These skills are intentionally included in year‐1 and year‐3 competencies for the veterinarian as a part of their CPD.