Читать книгу Quality and Safety in Nursing - Группа авторов - Страница 27

Systems are a set of interdependent components that interact to achieve a common goal (Dolansky et al., 2017; McNab et al., 2020). For example, a hospital is a system composed of service lines, nursing care units, ancillary care departments, outpatient care clinics—these are examples of microsystems of the larger system. The way in which these separate but united system components interact and work together is a significant factor in delivering high‐quality, safe care (Yakusheva et al., 2020). By crosswalking the six QSEN competencies with The Joint Commission safety standards and the Magnet standards (Lyle‐Edrosolo and Waxman, 2016), organizational leadership helps align quality and safety goals with mission and vision so that it is practiced consistently throughout all areas and levels of the system. Nurses and other health care professionals need to improve systems thinking skills to have an impact on patient care improvement; that is, thinking how one action impacts the next action. For instance, front‐line examples of systems thinking is the way nurses coordinate turning a patient every two hours or managing multiple ports for invasive procedures.

Health care delivery has intersecting units or microsystems. How these systems function together impacts quality and safety outcomes. For instance, the way patients are assigned beds from the ED to one of the inpatient units, or how the lab responds in urgent situations to the need for blood draws, or how patients are discharged to a skilled nursing facility are opportunities to standardize operational procedures to improve effective outcomes.