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VII Trachea

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 Is formed from “C‐shaped” cartilaginous rings whose incomplete dorsal aspects are bridged by the trachealis muscle.The trachealis muscle is composed of smooth muscle fibers.

 The tracheal cartilages prevent collapse of the trachea.

 The trachea terminates near the hilus of the lungs as it bifurcates into the left and right principal bronchi.

 The esophagus is located dorsal to the trachea in the cranial and caudal portions of the cervical region and to the left of the trachea in the middle portion of the cervical region.

Manual of Equine Anesthesia and Analgesia

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