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II Lung volumes (see Figure 4.2) A Minute ventilation (VE)

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 Is the total volume of air breathed each minute. It is the product of the respiratory rate (f) and the tidal volume (VT).

 On average, a normal adult horse breathes at a rate of 14 breaths per minute with a tidal volume of 12 ml/kg. This results in a minute ventilation of approximately 170 ml/kg/min.

Manual of Equine Anesthesia and Analgesia

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