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The laser beam melting (LBM) technology uses a laser beam to fuse the succeeding layers of metal powders, which are suitably used in thin-walled, small-scale structures to build a 3D part from the powder bed. In this method, a CAD model is first converted into an STL file and then sliced into a 2D element; at each layer, the powder bed is sintered by distributing the layers of powder throughout the building platform using a laser beam. The above-described process is simultaneous and stops after the completion of the product. This method is suitable for metals, polymers and ceramics (Bayerlein 2018). LBM produces strong parts due to its reduced porosity and controlled crystal structure.

Figure 1.3. Laser beam melting technology (Anderl 2014). For a color version of this figure, see www.iste.co.uk/kumar/materials.zip