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1.5 Conclusions

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MR microscopy can benefit greatly from engineering approaches to bridge the gap between the sample and the spectrometer, especially in the application areas of cell and small organism biology, and (electro) chemistry. In this chapter we considered the contribution that microengineering can make, covering custom resonators and sample holders, which provide more ideal SNR and sample conditions, thus facilitating increased experimental flexibility. In essence, Faraday induction NMR detection has arrived at the LOD, so research work is currently mainly focusing on system issues, dealing with complex samples, achieving better field shimming, hyphenation of measurement modalities, and hyperpolarization of the spin population, and of course achieving spectrometer agility and proximity. Certainly, quantum sensors may provide more sensitivity in the future, but also require proximity of the detection system to the spin of interest, which for many applications is tantamount to becoming invasive. It is also not yet clear how hyperpolarization can be made less invasive, or less poisonous. The future will see small detectors becoming easier to use, not least because of better integration into the NMR workflow and equipment. Already some micro-NMR and hyperpolarization startups are pushing the field in this direction.

Magnetic Resonance Microscopy

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