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2.2.2.2 Parasitism

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Parasitism as a biocontrol mechanism is mainly associated with fungal biocontrol agents. Biocontrol agents parasitize the pathogen by looping around fungal hyphae and derive nutrition from the pathogen. Some beneficial microorganism secretes hydrolytic enzymes such as chitinase and cellulase [17]. Trichoderma and Gliocladium parasitize on Rhizoctonia, Sclerotinia, Verticillium, and Gaeumannomyces and cause cell damage to the pathogen [18]. Firmicute bacteria Pasteuria penetrans also control Meloidogyne nematode, and its activity is stimulated by two beneficial rhizospheric bacteria [19].

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