Читать книгу Sustainable Nanotechnology - Группа авторов - Страница 52

The cutting‐edge technological applications and characteristic advantage of NMs are due to their physical properties, composition, and colloidal stability (if in liquid form), and at the same time these factors are vulnerable from the view point of environment and health; so, henceforth, sustainable processes for the large‐scale productions are desirable. The situation is that the scaling up of NPs/NMs on large scale, despite tuning nanoscale features, has become a technological barrier for the development. Apart from scale‐up, concerns are raised for the toxic manifestations of NMs through their varied mechanisms for both environmental and health issues, although no clinically pertinent toxicity with their mechanism has yet been established that can prove them hazardous over their expediency. Sometimes, the methods of detection of toxicity and models used for the same are conflicting and inconsistent. So, based on few experimental models, judging more valuable NPs as more toxic to biological systems or vice versa is inappropriate [43].

Large‐scale manufacturing aims for superiority, desired nanoproduct stipulations, desired physicochemical constraints, and sterility requirements. For such mass production of NMs, the selection of methods depends on the following factors:

1 Type of approach used;

2 type of NMs; and

3 regulatory requirements for production.