Читать книгу Sustainable Nanotechnology - Группа авторов - Страница 54

The essentiality of a sustainable approach to nanotechnology is becoming more and more urgent in the past few decades while many questions concerning all the steps of nanomanufacturing are unanswered [45]. Apart from issues concerning scale‐up and large‐scale manufacturing, materials‐related issues need to be addressed that are selected based on the type of NMs being produced. The use of nanotechnology in the field of pharmacy involving inert material, pharmaceutical active ingredients, and solvents should not have any adverse events during manufacturing, sterilization, or after consumption by patients, while consumers do not require to take those precautions in regard to nanotechnology. Among all the issues, the first issue concerning the starting materials or substances, their nature, energy cost, and sources is very important. The second issue concerns the methods of synthesis, e.g. if NPs generate greenhouse gases and other pollutants in air, or if there is high energy consumption. Next concern is the requirement for extra capitals in the usage of NMs and nano‐enabled products that may damagingly affect the environment.