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Southern Athapascan Comparative Vocabulary
Оглавление Table of Contents
| Anatomical Terms |
| English | Apache | Jicarilla | Navaho |
| ankle-joint | ko-ká̆ ĭlh-rŭ-nŭ-ni-wú | ké̆t-sin | a-ké̆ts-in |
| arm | ko-gún | gŏn | a-gán |
| blood | dĭlh | tí̆l-thĕ | dĭlh |
| bone | its-í̆n | í̆ts-ĭn | ts'ĭn |
| chest | i-tí̆l | ko-yé̆-tĕ | a-jĕ-í̆ts-in |
| chin | ko-yé̆-dâ | ĭs-é̆-tâ | á̆-yăts-in |
| ear | id-já | ĭd-já | ă-já |
| elbow | ko-gún ĭlh-rŭ-nŭ-ni-wú | ĭd-an-hlá | osh-lé |
| eye | in-dá̆ | ĭt-á | ăn-án |
| face | ko-ní | ĭn-ní | ăn-ín |
| finger | ko-lụ-zhúzh | in-lấ | shĭ-lă |
| finger-nail | ko-lụ-gún | in-lâ-gó̆n | shĭ-lá̆sh-gân |
| foot | ko-ké̆ | i-ká | kĕ |
| hair | tsĭ-rấ | ĭt-sé̆ | tsi-ghá̆ |
| hand | ko-gún | u-lá | shí-lă |
| head | kots-its-í̆n | í̆ts-ĭts-ĭn | sí̆ts-ĭts-in |
| heart | kod-jí did-jú-la | ko-chá | a-je-id-í̆sh-jalh |
| knee | ko-qút | ĭ-kó | ă-whód |
| leg | kod-jấk | ĭ-jấd | ă-jấd |
| lip | su-sŭ-bâ-né̆ | ĭ-tấ | ă-dấ |
| lungs | kod-jí | ĭ-tâ-lé̆ | a-jé |
| mouth | ko-zá | ĭ-zé̆ | si-zé |
| neck | ko-gús | ĭ-kó̆s | ăk-ás |
| nose | ko-chí | ĭ-chín | ă-chí̆n |
| nostril | kó-ní̆ | ĭn-né̆ | ă-ní̆n |
| shoulder | ko-hwás | ĭh-hwás | ă-hwás |
| toe | ko-kĕ-zhúzh | ĭh-ké̆sh | a-ké̆ |
| toe-nail | ko-kĕ-gún | ĭh-ké̆sh-gŏn | a-ké̆sh-gân |
| tongue | kŏ-zá | ĭh-zá-tĕ | a-tsó |
| tooth | ko-wú | ĭh-gwó | a-hwó |
| Animals (See also Foods) |
| English | Apache | Jicarilla | Navaho |
| antelope | já-gĕ | tá-ga-tĕ | jú̆-dĭ |
| badger | bụ-ntă-lé̆ na-gans-chi-tn | ná-as-chĭd | |
| bat | cha-bâ-né̆ | cha-na-mi-ín | jâ-a-bá-nĭ |
| bear | sŭsh | shash | sŭsh |
| beaver | cha | cha | cha |
| blue-bird | rụsh-tá du-tlí̆sh | dó-lo | dó-lĭ |
| buffalo | bĭ-shĭsh-jík | ă-yán-dĕ | a-yá-nĭ |
| buzzard | chi-shó-gĭ | ta-chá-ze | jé-sho |
| chipmunk | gụ-sụs-sí | ĭn-se-zú-so | tsĭd-í̆t-í̆-nĭ |
| coyote | ban | tsil-i-té̆n | mai |
| crow | gấ-gĕ | kấ-gĕ | gấ-gĕ |
| deer | bin | bin | bin |
| eagle | tsá-cho | i-tsá | a-tsá |
| elk | bin-nal-dé̆ | tzĕs | tzĕ |
| gopher | na-ilh-tlí-gi | ma-í-nĕ-lin | na-a-zí-si |
| hawk | ĭt-sấ | ĭt-sé̆-so-yĕ g'í̆-ni | |
| mountain lion | ndú-chú | ĕn-tó-yĕ | nash-tu-í-tso |
| mountain sheep | dĕ-bé̆-chụ zi-dĕ-bé̆ | tsĕ-tú̆-dĕ-bĕ | |
| owl | bụ | yí-yĕ | nás-cha |
| rat (wood) | klósh-chụ | klé̆-tso | klĕ-é̆-tso |
| skunk | gụ-lízh-ĭ | kĕl-din-shé̆n wo-lí̆-zhi | |
| spider | na-alht-lo-lé̆ | mans-ché̆ | nash-jé'i |
| squirrel | tsĕ-skús-si | na-jĭl-kái-ĭ | t'lá-zi |
| turkey | tá-zhĭ | ká-zhĭ | tá-zhĭ |
| wolf | ban-chú | bai-é̆-tso | mai-í̆-tso |
Zahadolzhá - Navaho
| Cardinal Points |
| English | Apache | Jicarilla | Navaho |
| north | nâ-ak-ku-sé̆ bi-yâ-yó | ná-ko-sŭ bi-ya-yé̆ | nó̑-ho-kos |
| south | nụ-dĭt-ú̆ bi-yâ-yó | sha-tí ai-yé̆ | shŭ-tŭ-ú̆ |
| east | hụ-nâ-ĭt-ú̆kh bi-yâ-yó | sha-há ai-yé̆ | há-ĭ |
| west | on-ụd-ú̆kh bi-yâ-yó | sha-í ai-yé̆ | i-yŭ-ú̆ |
| zenith | nokh-gé̆h-yo | | ya-alh-ní-gĭ |
| nadir | nokh-tlúh-yo | | a-yá-ĭ dĕs-á-ĭ-gĭ |
| Colors |
| English | Apache | Jicarilla | Navaho |
| black | dí̆lh-kĭh | dí̆lh-ĭ-li | dí̆lh-kĭh |
| blue | du-tlí̆sh-ĭ | dá-tlĭsh | do-tlí̆sh-ĭ |
| brown | hĭsh-tlí̆zh | klĭ-pá | dí̆-nĭl-zhĭn |
| gray | qụl-bấ | tnĕ-ná-tlĭsh | klĕ-pá |
| green | tlŏh-du-tlí̆zh-a | yĕ-dá-tlĭsh | dó-tlĭsh |
| red | tli-chú | klĭ-chí | klĕ-chí |
| white | tli-kái | klĭ-kái | klĕ-kái |
| yellow | tli-tsó | klĭ-tsó | klé̆-tso |
| Foods (Primitive) |
| English | Apache | Jicarilla | Navaho |
| acorns | chĭd-jí̆l | na-tó-ka-tsĕ | ché̆-chĭl bi-ná |
| antelope | já-gĕ | ta-gá-tĕ | jú̆-dĭ |
| beans (native) | bé̆s-tsoz | ná-o-hlĕ-tsos-tĕt | nú̆-o-hlĭ |
| cedar berries | dĭl-tú-hla du-tlí̆sh-ĭ | kal-tú-stĕ-ih | dit-zé̆ |
| corn | na-tán | na-tán | na-tán |
| deer | bin | bi^{n) | bin |
| elk | bin nal-dé̆ | tzĕs | tzĕ |
| grapes (wild) | dŭh-tsá | tŭt-zé̆ | tŭt-zé̆ |
| juniper berries | dĭl-tú-hla | | chĭl-há-zhĕ |
| mescal (agave) | ná-ta | ná-ta | ná-ta |
| mountain sheep | dĕ-bé̆-chụ zi-dĕ-bé̆ | tsĕ-tú̆-dĕ-bĕ | |
| piñon nuts | o-bé̆ | nĕs-chí | nĕs-chí |
| potatoes (wild) | ĭlh-tsú si-tsí̆n-nĭ | pi-ji-né̆ | ná-ma-si |
| prairie-dogs | ăn | klun | klun |
| pumpkins | bĕlh-kún | na-yí-zĕ | na-yĭ-zĭ-chí |
| rabbits (jack) | gah-chú | gah-tsó | gah-tsó |
| rabbits (cottontail) | gah-chi-lé̆ | gah-chĭ-shé̆ | gah |
| rats (wood) | klosh-chú | klé̆-tso | klĕ-é̆-tso |
| squash | gó-chi bĕlh-kún | na-yí-zĕ | na-yí̆-zĭ |
| yucca fruit | gu-skú̆n | kash-kán | kŭsh-kán |
| Handicraft |
| English | Apache | Jicarilla | Navaho |
| arrow-point | bĕsh-go-lí̆n | bé̆sh-tĕ | bes-ĕst-á-gi |
| arrow-shaft | tsĭ-gấ | kĭ-ĭsh-tlu-zé̆ | ts'ak-á̆ |
| basket (tray) | tsâ-nas-kú̆-dĭ ĭ-tsấ | ts'â | |
| basket (burden) | tú̆t-za | ĭ-tsâ-nas-ká | tsi-zí̆s |
| bow | ĭlh-tí̆ | ĭt-kĭn-chái | alht-hín |
| cap | cha | cha | cha |
| deerskin | ĕ-pú̆n | ĕ-pú̆n | ĕ-pú̆n |
| fire-sticks | kóh-tĭl-di | t'tĕ | wolk-án |
| head-band | tsĭ-nóz-dĕ | tsi-náz-dĕ | cha |
| house | kó-wa | ko-zhán | ho-gán |
| leggings | ĭs-klé̆ tlĭ-kái | ĭs-klé̆ | ĕ-pú̆n ĭs-klé̆ |
| loin-cloth | chósh-ta | tsa-á-tĕ | t'lĕsts-ós |
| moccasins | ĕ-pú̆n kĕ | ké̆'it-zĕ | kĕ |
| pottery | nụlh-kí-dĕ bi i-dé̆ | ĭ-tsá̆ kush-tí̆sh | |
| shirt | ĕ-pŭn-tlé-sĭs | é̆'it-zĕ | ĕ-pŭn'é̆ |
| sweat-lodge | ka-ché̆ | ké̆lh-cha | ta-ché̆ |
| water bottle tus | kún-chĕ-ĕ | tó-zŭs | |
| Months (Moons)8 |
| English | Apache | Jicarilla | Navaho |
| January | It-sá Bĭ-zhá̆zh | Ku-wan-dé̆ | Yăs Nlht'es |
| February | Bụh Is-chí̆t | Is-sai-zá | A-tsá̆ Bĭ-yásh |
| March | T'a Nụ-chí̆l | It-á-na Chĭ-tái | Wozhch'td |
| April | T'a Nụ-chú | It-á-na Tso | At-ấn Chil |
| May | Shosh-ké̆ | Ku-skí It-chí | At-ấn Tso |
| June | Bin-nĭ-tsí̆ Dĭlh-tsí̆k | Tấ-gĕ It-chí | Nesh-já Chíl-i |
| July | Bin-nĭ-tsí̆ Chi-é̆ | Bi It-chí | Nesh-já Tso |
| August | Bi-nĭ-tún | Tsos-sé̆ Kĕ-tlĕ-pé̆ Lak-tái-kĕ | Bĭnt-ấn Ts'án-sĭ |
| September | Bi-nĭ-t[ú.]n Chụ | It-ha-stĭ-kí̆h | Bĭnt-ấn Tso |
| October | Rấn-zhĭ | Iz-té̆-o-ĕ | Ghấn-jĭ |
| November | Ka-rúh-nụl-gụs | Bin-zá-kĭ-a Nlhch-ĭ | Ts'ấn-sĭ |
| December | Sŏs-nalh-tús | Bin-nai-a-shé̆ | Nlhch-ĭ Tsa |
Hasché̆ltĭ, Haschĕbaád, Zahadolzhá—Navaho
From Copyright Photograph 1906 by E.S. Curtis
| Natural Phenomena |
| English | Apache | Jicarilla | Navaho |
| ashes | ĭlh-chí | kus-chí-ĭsh | hlesh-ch'ái |
| charcoal | tli-té̆sh | kus-chí | t'ĕsh |
| cloud | ya-kó̆s | kos | kos |
| darkness | chalh-ké̆lh | klin | cha-halh-kélh |
| day | dji | djin | jĭn |
| earth | ni-go-stú̆n | ní-to-gus-an | ní-ho-ĕs-tsan |
| fire | koh | ku | kŭn |
| ice | ti | i-lá | tqĭn |
| lake | tu-sĭ-kấ | ko-zĭlh-ká | to |
| light | go-tí | go-tíh | a-dí̆n-din |
| lightning | há-dĭlh-kĭh | í-dĭlh-chĭl | a-tsín-ĭl-klĭsh |
| Milky-way | I-kú̆tl bâ-há | Tsós-pai | Klĕ-kái stá-ĭ |
| mist | ât | ku-bĕ-zhá-zi | i-dzí |
| moon | klĕ-ga-na-ái | klĕ-na-ái | klĕ-ho-na-ái |
| mountain | tzĭlh | tzĭlh | tzĭlh |
| night | klĕ | kli | klé-jĕ |
| Pleiades | Nụs-ka-o-ŭ-hú | Sŏns-chi-sté̆ | Dí̆l-gĕ-het |
| rain | ná-ĭl-tĭ | na-golh-kín | nĭt-sú̆n |
| rainbow | hi-tsâ-tlúl | ĭt-sun-to-lé̆ nads-í-lĭd | |
| river | tu-ndlí | ko-dlé̆ | to |
| rock | tse | tsi | tsĕ |
| shooting-star (meteor) | tĭtl-són-sé̆ nụl-tú̆ | sush-na-tsé̆ | sŏn-á̆-dal-dsĭd |
| sky | yá-dĭlh-kĭh | ya | yá-dĭlh-kĭh |
| smoke | tlĭk | kli | hlĭd |
| snow | sŏs | zŏs | yăs |
| star | tĭtl-só̆n-sĕ | sons | son |
| sun | chu-ga-na-ái | chun-na-ái | chĕ-ho-na-ái |
| thunder | i-dá-ndi | i-dĭlh-ní | í-nĭ |
| water | tu | ko | to |
| wind | ní̆l-chi | nl-chi | ní̆l-chi |
| Numerals |
| English | Apache | Jicarilla | Navaho |
| one | hlá-ĭ | hlá-ĭ | hlá-ĭ |
| two | ná-kĭ | ná-kĭ | ná-kĭ |
| three | tá-gĭ | ká-i | ta |
| four | dín-ĭ | dín-ĭ | din |
| five | ăsh-tlá-ĭ | á̆sh-tlĕ | á̆sh-dla |
| six | gus-tán | kus-kú̆n | has-tán |
| seven | gus-tsí̆-gĭ | kus-tsí̆t-i | tsósts-ĕd |
| eight | tsá-bi | tsá-bi | tsé-bi |
| nine | ngus-tá-i | nkus-tá-i | nâas-dái |
| ten | gú-nĕz-na | kú-nĕz-ni | né̆z-na |
| eleven | hla-zá-ta | hla-ĭ-zá | hla-zá̆-ta |
| twelve | na-kĭ-zá-ta | na-ki-zá | na-ki-zá-ta |
| thirteen | ta-zá-ta | ka-zá | ta-zá-ta |
| English | Apache | Jicarilla | Navaho |
| fourteen | din-zá-ta | din-zá | din-zấ-ta |
| fifteen | ăsh-tla-á-ta | ăsh-tlĕ-zá | ăsh-dla-ấ-ta |
| sixteen | gus-ta-á-ta | kus-kŭn-zá | has-tan-ấ-ta |
| seventeen | gus-tsĭ-zá-ta | kus-tsĭt-zá | tsosts-ĕd-zấ-ta |
| eighteen | tsa-bi-zá-ta | tsa-bi-zá | tse-bi-dzấ-ta |
| nineteen | ngus-ta-dzá-ta | nkus-ta-zá | nâas-dai-dzấ-ta |
| twenty | na-dí̆n | na-tín | na-dín |
| twenty-one | na-dí̆n-hla | na-tín-hla | na-dín-hla |
| thirty | ta-dí̆n | ka-tín | tá-din |
| forty | dĭs-dí̆n | dĭs-tín | dí̆s-din |
| fifty | ăsh-tlá-dĭn | ăsh-tlé̆-tin | á̆sh-dla-din |
| one hundred | gú-nĕz-na-dĭn | kú-nĕz-ni-tin | né̆z-na-din |
| Personal Terms |
| English | Apache | Jicarilla | Navaho |
| aunt | ko-bá̆-zhĕ | ku-bá-zhĕ | shi-bí̆-zhi |
| baby | mĕ | ô-ja-zí̆ | a-wé̆ |
| boy | skhĭn | ĭsh-ki-ín | skhi |
| brother (younger) | ko-kí̆zn ko-kă-gé̆ na-râ-hí̆ | ku-ĭ-zhá | sí̆-tsĭ-lĭ |
| brother (elder) | ko-kí̆zn ụn na-râ-hí̆ | ku-na-á | shí̆-nai |
| child | châ-rá-shĕ | ilh-chí̆n | shĭ-yá̆zh |
| clan | ndĕ-áz-dĭ-i | ĭ-chu-gĕ-dé̆ dĭ-né̆-ĕ | |
| enemy | ĕ-ná | ko-ndá | a-ná |
| father | ko-tá̆ | ku-kấ-ĭ | shi-zhé̆-ĕ |
| girl | na-lí̆n | ish-té̆tn | at-é̆d |
| man | ndĕ | tĭn-dé̆ | dĭ-né̆ |
| medicine-man | dĭ-gí̆n | tin-dá-ko-ka-tlé̆ | ha-tá-lĭ |
| mother | ko-mấ | ku-sí | sha-mú̆ |
| people (tribesmen) | ko-kí | shĕ-tĭn-dé̆ | dĭ-né̆ |
| people (strangers) | tlúh-go ndé̆-hi | ta-á-tso | a-ná |
| person | tsĭlh-kí̆dn | ti-ní | dĭ-né̆ |
| sister (younger) | ko-dĭ-zhé̆ | shĕ-lá | shi-dé-zhĭ |
| sister (elder) | ko-lú | shĕ-nda-té̆ | shú̆d-dĭ |
| uncle | ko-dâ-ú̆ | shĕ-ka-na-tlé̆n | shi-bí̆-zhi |
| woman | ĭst-só̆n | ĕs-tsán | ĕs-tsán |
| Trees |
| English | Apache | Jicarilla | Navaho |
| cedar | gá-ĭl-lĭ | kálh-tĕ | gad |
| cottonwood | t'is | tu-ás | t'is |
| juniper | dĭl-tút-hlĕ-chi | | gad náz-si |
| oak | chi-chí̆l | shun-chi-lé̆ | ché̆-chĭl |
| pine | ndĭl-chí | nus-chí | ndish-chí |
| piñon | o-bĕ-tsí̆n | ĭ-zĕn-chí | chá̆-olh |
| spruce | djụ-útlh | kŏn-skĕ-lé̆ | dishl-bái |
| willow | gai | kí̆-ĭ | k'á-i |
Navaho Women
| Miscellaneous |
| English | Apache | Jicarilla | Navaho |
| arm | ko-gún | gŏn | a-gán |
| food | chi-zú̆n | ai-tá-i | chi-án |
| forest | gụd-nlh-chíl | ku-dŏn-chíl | tsĭn |
| god | ya-á-diz-tan | bi-tsa-shĕ-ndá-ĭ ye | |
| jewels | tsĕ-rụ-dé̆n-lĭg-gĕ | n'klĭz | |
| large | n'chai | n'tsai | n'tsa |
| pollen | há-dĭn-tĭn tlâsh | tá-dĭ-tĭn | |
| small | ăl-chí̆-se | ŭns-tsé̆s-tĕ | yá-zhĕ |
| spirits | chĭdn | kuts-áin | tsĭ*n-di |
| spirit-land | chĭdn-túh-yo | bits-áin | bĕ-kĕ-yá |
| tobacco | tzĭlh-ná-to | ná-to-tĕ | n'át'o |
| turquoise | du-tlí̆sh-ĭ | da-tlí̆sh-ĕ | dó-tlĭsh |
