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HeuristicsMental shortcuts allowing someone to make a decision, evaluate, or problem‐solve quickly with little effort.

DeontologicalAbsolutist ethics that are rule‐based; beliefs that standards are always true regardless of contexts or consequences.

TeleologicalConsequentialist ethics that value the outcome or consequences of an act as most important.

Categorical imperativeA concept of deontology; belief that one’s own ethical choices are universal law; one should act as we would want others to behave.

UtilitarianismA central concept of teleology; belief that acts should result in the great amount of good for the greatest number of people.

PluralisticBelief in several ethical perspectives and not one basic one.

Prima facie dutiesEthical decisions that should come first; from the Latin “on its face” (at first glance).

FramingConcept that any text or artifact is created – and presented – in ways that highlight some aspects of it while downplaying or eliminating other aspects, thus guiding readers and viewers to draw specific meanings.

SalienceQuality of how much something stands out or draws our attention.

AppropriationThe intentional borrowing, copying, and alteration of preexisting images and objects.

ViddingEditing and adding to existing video footage.