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  Basic descriptive terminology Functional neuroanatomy

  References

Some of the most rewarding aspects of clinical neurology involve being able to associate observed signs and syndromes with neuroanatomic sites of the lesions. This may, for example, be experienced when recognizing a syndrome of ataxia in a purebred patient and associating it with a familial cerebellar disorder for a client. Alternatively, one may be able to explain to a producer how a certain lesion, detected by an astute neurologic examination of one representative animal and confirmed at postmortem examination is the cause of the clinical syndrome observed in the herd. The basic requirement for achieving this degree of diagnostic acumen is an understanding of applied neuroanatomy.

This chapter provides the basic information necessary to allow the clinician to appreciate the fundamentals of a neurologic examination and to interpret, accurately, the results of such an examination. As the clinician becomes adept at these tasks, further anatomic details may be sought. These can be found in the texts listed in the references.

At this point, a plea is made for a clear use of anatomic terms, based on Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria, Nomina Embryologica Veterinaria and Nomina Histologica, ¹ along with the clinically applied terms used in functional neuroanatomy,^2–4 clinical neurology,^5–7 and veterinary neuropathology.^8–10