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Symbols and Notations

Tb translation, 5
2D rotation matrix, 6
SO(2) 2D rotation group (special orthogonal group), 7
M(n, R) the set of square matrices of size n with real entries, 7
I, In the identity matrix of size n, 7, 11, 30,
AT transpose of a matrix A, 7
SE(2) 2D motion group (the set of non-flip rigid transformations), 8
O(2) 2D orthogonal group, 9
SO(n) special orthogonal group, 10
O(n) orthogonal group, 10
SO(3) 3D rotation group, 11
Rx (θ) 3D axis rotations, 11
H the set of quaternions, 3, 13
conjugate of a quaternion, 13
Re(q) real part of a quaternion, 14
Im(q) imaginary part of a quaternion, 14
Im H the set of imaginary quaternions, 14
|q| the absolute value of a quaternion, 14
S3 the set of unit quaternions, 15
exp exponential map, 16, 29
slerp(q0, q1, t) spherical linear interpolation, 16
ε dual number, 16
M(2, H) the set of square matrices of size 2 with entries in H, 16
the set of anti-commutative dual complex numbers (DCN), 18
E(n) rigid transformation group, 19
SE(n) n-dimensional motion group, 20
GL(n) general linear group, 23
Aff(n) affine transformations group, 23
GL+(n) general linear group with positive determinants, 23
Aff+(n) the set of orientation-preserving affine transformations, 23
semi-direct product, 25
Sym+(n) the set of positive definite symmetric matrices, 26
Diag+(n) the set of diagonal matrices with positive diagonal entries, 27
SVD Singular Value Decomposition, 28
exp(A) exponential of a square matrix, 29
C× the set of non-zero complex numbers, 31
gl(n) Lie algebra of GL(n), 33
so(n) Lie algebra of SO(n), 33
sl(n) Lie algebra of SL(n), 33
aff(n) Lie algebra of Aff(n), 34
se(n) Lie algebra of SE(n), 34
[A, B] Lie bracket, 34
Jx, Jy, Jz basis of so(3), 37
log logarithmic map (logarithm), 31, 42
AL, AP, AE interpolant, 42
EP, EF, ES, ER error functions, 49
||·||F Frobenius norm of a matrix, 49
se(3) Lie algebra of SE(3), 53
sym(3) the set of symmetric matrices of size three, 53
ϕ, ψ map between Aff+(3) and a vector space, 53
ι embedding M(3, R) → M(4, R), 54
R̂, X̂ element of SE(3) and se(3), 54
gradient, 58
Laplacian, 58
div divergence, 58
∂Ω boundary, 58
Mathematical Basics of Motion and Deformation in Computer Graphics

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