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Chapter 2: Numbers, Colors, and Days of the Week
ОглавлениеIn this chapter, we’ll learn how to count, identify colors, and talk about the days of the week and months of the year. These are essential building blocks for everyday conversations.
Counting from 1 to 20
Let’s start with the numbers 1—20. Learning these will make it easier to understand prices, tell the time, and more!
1 – eins (ains)
2 – zwei (tsvai)
3 – drei (drai)
4 – vier (feer)
5 – fünf (fünf)
6 – sechs (zeks)
7 – sieben (zee-ben)
8 – acht (ahht)
9 – neun (noin)
10 – zehn (tsayn)
11 – elf (elf)
12 – zwölf (tsvölf)
13 – dreizehn (drai-tsayn)
14 – vierzehn (feer-tsayn)
15 – fünfzehn (fünf-tsayn)
16 – sechzehn (zehks-tsayn)
17 – siebzehn (zee-b-tsayn)
18 – achtzehn (ahht-tsayn)
19 – neunzehn (noin-tsayn)
20 – zwanzig (tsvan-tsih)
Tips for Remembering Numbers:
Look for patterns: Notice how numbers 13—19 are formed by adding “-zehn» to the base number (with a few slight spelling changes).
Practice regularly: Recite the numbers aloud until you can say them easily.
Use them in context: Count objects around you, practice saying phone numbers, or play number-based games.
Counting by Tens to 100
Now let’s learn the multiples of ten:
20 – zwanzig (tsvan-tsih)
30 – dreißig (drai-sih)
40 – vierzig (feer-tsih)
50 – fünfzig (fünf-tsih)
60 – sechzig (zehks-tsih)
70 – siebzig (zee-b-tsih)
80 – achtzig (ahht-tsih)
90 – neunzig (noin-tsih)
100 – hundert (hoon-dert)
Forming Numbers Between Tens
To form numbers between the tens (e.g., 21, 32, 45), you combine the smaller number with the larger one, but with a twist: you say the ones digit before the tens digit, and you add «und» (and) in between.
For example:
21 – einundzwanzig (ain-oont-tsvan-tsih) – one and twenty
32 – zweiunddreißig (tsvai-oont-drai-sih) – two and thirty
45 – fünfundvierzig (fünf-oont-feer-tsih) – five and forty
Basic Colors (Farben)
Knowing the colors will help you describe things and express yourself more vividly.
Red – rot (roht)
Blue – blau (blau)
Green – grün (grün)
Yellow – gelb (gelp)
Black – schwarz (shvarts)
White – weiß (vais)
Orange – orange (o-ron-zhe)
Purple – lila (lee-la)
Pink – rosa (ro-za)
Brown – braun (braun)
Gray – grau (grau)
Asking About Color
To ask what color something is, you can say:
Welche Farbe ist das? (vel-he far-be ist das) – What color is that?
Days of the Week (Tage der Woche)
Knowing the days of the week is essential for making plans and scheduling appointments.
Monday – Montag (mon-tahk)
Tuesday – Dienstag (deens-tahk)
Wednesday – Mittwoch (mit-vohh)
Thursday – Donnerstag (don-ners-tahk)
Friday – Freitag (frai-tahk)
Saturday – Samstag (zahms-tahk) /Sonnabend (zon-ah-bent) – Note: In some parts of Germany, «Sonnabend» is used more commonly.
Sunday – Sonntag (zon-tahk)
Months of the Year (Monate)
Here are the months of the year in German:
January – Januar (yah-nu-ar)
February – Februar (fay-bru-ar)
March – März (merts)
April – April (ah-pril)
May – Mai (mai)
June – Juni (yoo-nee)
July – Juli (yoo-lee)
August – August (au-goost)
September – September (zep-tem-ber)
October – Oktober (ok-to-ber)
November – November (no-vem-ber)
December – Dezember (de-tsem-ber)
Seasons (Jahreszeiten)
Spring – Frühling (frü-ling)
Summer – Sommer (zo-mer)
Autumn/Fall – Herbst (herpst)
Winter – Winter (vin-ter)
Simple Exercises:
What color is the sky? (Der Himmel ist blau.)
What day is today? (Heute ist…)
What month is it? (Es ist…)
How many apples do you see? (Ich sehe… Äpfel.)
Word Bank
eins (ains) – one
zwei (tsvai) – two
drei (drai) – three
rot (roht) – red
blau (blau) – blue
grün (grün) – green
Montag (mon-tahk) – Monday
Dienstag (deens-tahk) – Tuesday
Januar (yah-nu-ar) – January
Februar (fay-bru-ar) – February
Frühling (frü-ling) – Spring
Sommer (zo-mer) – Summer
Exercises
Count from 1 to 20 out loud.
What color is your shirt/dress/pants?
What is your favorite day of the week and why?
What month is your birthday?
Practice saying the days of the week and months of the year.