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HERE IS WHERE SOME OF YOU MAY NOD off. The content in this chapter is a bit nerdy. Feel free to skip ahead to get the main points. You learned in chapter 5 that once nutrients are digested and absorbed, they are shuttled through the liver for a final screening, then sent to general circulation throughout the body to reach cells that need them. At this point, nutrients could be used for energy production; sent to tissues in the body to be used for specific functions such as the brain, muscles, and adipose tissue; stored for future energy needs; or eliminated from the body.

Now it’s time to get down to the body’s energy currency—adenosine triphosphate (ATP)—and the energy systems responsible for fueling your favorite mountain sports. If you understand how fuel provides energy for your body, you will have an easier time figuring out your own peak nutrition plan and when to eat carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. This chapter explains energy transfer, micronutrients and macronutrients, insulin and blood sugar levels, and the science behind hydration.