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A set of interrelated elements that are organized to carry out a specified function or a set of functions in a specific environment.

Systems are always designed and built to fulfill a predetermined purpose. Mathematically, a system may be defined as the set

where is the set of all the system components, is the set of all relations between the components in , is the set of all the system functions, and is the set of all the attributes (i.e. performance characteristics) of the functions in .

A technical system is a system made of mechanical, electrical, electronic, and/or programmable electronic hardware components, and – more and more often – software. Technical systems are designed, built, and operated by people.