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A failure mechanism is a physical, chemical, logical, or other process or mechanism that may lead to failure. Examples of failure mechanisms include wear, corrosion, fatigue, hardening, swelling, pitting, and oxidation. Failure mechanisms are hence specific failure causes as shown in Figure 3.12.

Figure 3.12 Failure causes and mechanisms. A failure mechanism is a specific type of failure cause.

Each mechanism can have its root in different stages of the item's life cycle. Wear can, for instance, be a result of wrong material specification (design failure), usage outside specification limits (misuse failure), poor maintenance, inadequate lubrication (mishandling failure), and so on.

A failure mechanism may be seen as a process that leads to a failure cause.