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Makes a hard, cleansing soap bar with plenty of foam.

INCI in soap: sodium lardate

Oleic: 46%

Palmitic: 28%

Stearic: 13%

Linoleic: 6%

Myristic: 1%

Iodine: 43–45

MACADEMIA NUT OIL

High in omega 9, this fatty oil penetrates and moisturizes dry and mature skin.

INCI: macademia tetraphylla

Oleic: 54–63%

Palmitic: 7–10%

Stearic: 2–6%

Linoleic: 1–3%

Iodine: 73–79

MARULA OIL

Great antioxidant, originally used on its own as a cleansing, moisturizing body oil.

INCI: sclerocarya birrea

Oleic: 70–78%

Palmitic: 9–12%

Stearic: 5–8%

Linoleic: 4–7%

Iodine: 70–76

MEADOWFOAM OIL

A very stable oil that is great for dry or sensitive skin. Highly moisturizing and rejuvenating, it is great in creams and lotions

INCI: Limnanthes alba

Oleic: 3.2%

Iodine: 92

MELON OIL (Kalahari)

Rich in fatty acids and vitamin C, detoxifying and rejuvenating. Light and easily absorbed by the skin.

INCI: Citrallus lanatus

Oleic: 16–17%

Palmitic: 11–12%

Stearic: 7.5–8%

Linoleic: 50–70%

Iodine: 120–130

OLIVE OIL *

The first choice of many soap makers, pure olive oil soaps get better as they get older but trace and harden very slowly. You either love or hate the slightly oily feel and the slow lather. A relatively low cost option for a cream or lotion base.

INCI: Olea Europaea

Oleic: 63–81%

Palmitic: 7–14%

Linoleic: 5–15%

Stearic: 3–5%

Iodine: 79–95

PALM OIL *

Provided this is purchased from an ecologically-sound source it is a staple oil for soap makers providing an inexpensive hard, long lasting soap bar with a relatively low foam. Palm oil is produced from the fleshy fruit of the palm.

INCI in soap: Elaeis Guineensis

Palmitic: 43–45%

Oleic: 38–40%

Linoleic: 9–11%

Stearic: 4–5%

Iodine: 45–57

PALM KERNEL OIL *

Widely used as a base in industrial soap production, this is a good bulking oil and has a different fatty acid make up from palm oil. Because of the high lauric content this oil traces very quickly. Palm kernel oil is produced from the kernel of the palm fruit

INCI: Elaeis guineensis

Lauric: 47%

Oleic: 18%

Myristic: 14%

Palmitic: 9%

Iodine: 37

PEACH KERNEL OIL

High in protein, vitamins A and E and omega 6. Good for all skin types and lovely in creams.

INCI: Prunus persica

Oleic: 55–75%

Palmitic: 5–8%

Linoleic: 15–35%

Iodine: 108–118

ROSEHIP SEED OIL

Rich in vitamins A and C, this cell regenerator is great for stretch marks and scar tissue.

INCI: Rosa mosqueta

Palmitic: 3-5%

Oleic: 10–20%

Linoleic: 26–37%

Stearic: 1–3%

Iodine: 179–192

SEA BUCKTHORN OIL

High in Vitamin C and B-carotene, natural antioxidant known to combat wrinkles, excema and dry skin.

INCI: Hippophae rhamnoides

Palmitic: 34-35%

Linoleic: 35–36%

Iodine: 86

SUNFLOWER OIL *

High in fatty acids and easily absorbed by the skin, a good base oil for all skin types. Great option for liquid soap and as a bulk oil in bar soaps although, it should be combined with coconut oil or the soap will be very soft.

INCI: (Helianthus anuus)

Linoleic: 70%

Oleic: 16%

Palmitic: 7%

Stearic: 4%

Iodine: 119–138

SHEA BUTTER (KARITE)

High in saturated fats, an effective moisturizer that stimulates cell growth, good for stretch marks and scar tissue. Great moisturizer and hardener when used in bar soaps. Thickens creams.

INCI: Butyrospermum parkii

Oleic: 40–55%

Stearic: 35–45%

Linoleic: 3–8%

Palmitic: 3–7%

Iodine: 55–71

TALLOW (beef fat) *

A traditional soap making ingredient that produces a hard, conditioning soap bar.

INCI in soap: Sodium tallowate

Oleic: 37–43%

Palmitic: 24–32%

Stearic: 20–25%

Myristic: 3–6%

Linoleic: 2–3%

Iodine: 43–45

WHEATGERM OIL

An anti-bacterial that stimulates skin cells. High in vitamins and essential fatty acids but goes rancid very quickly.

INCI: Triticum vulgare

Linoleic: 55–60%

Oleic: 13–21%

Palmitic: 13–20%

Stearic: 2%

Iodine: 125–135

VITAMIN E OIL

INCI: Tocopheryl

A natural antioxidant that will extend the life of your products. Smooths dry and rough skin.