Читать книгу Standard Catalog of Military Firearms - Phillip Peterson - Страница 22

CHINA/PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC

Chinese Military Conflicts, 1870–2000

By 1870 China was affected by foreign influence from Great Britain, France, Germany, and Russia. The central government in China was further weakened by its defeat in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895. The decade of the 1890s ended with China’s fierce attempt to overthrow foreign influence by means of the Boxer Rebellion, 1898 to 1900. The period of the early 20th century was marked by internal strife which eventually led to Chinese warlords gaining control of the government in 1916. These warlords were eventually ousted in 1927 by the Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek in alliance with the Communists. The year 1927 marked the beginning of a long Chinese civil war between the Nationalist and the Communists ending with the Communists’ Long March of 1934-35 and their exile. In 1931 Japan occupied Manchuria, and in 1937 the Japanese mounted a full-scale invasion of China. Both the Nationalists and the Communists fought in an uneasy alliance against the Japanese. By the end of World War II, the civil war again ignited and the Communists became victorious in 1949 when the People’s Republic of China was proclaimed. China entered the Korean War on the side of the North Koreans in 1950.

HANDGUNS

MAUSER

Between the two world wars, the Chinese military purchased a number of Mauser 1896 pistols directly from Mauser and other commercial sources. These purchases consisted mainly of Bolos and Model 1930s. In addition to these purchases, China made its own copies of the Mauser broomhandle as well as the Astra. See Germany, Handguns, Mauser for more detailed descriptions and prices.

CHINESE MAUSERS

The Chinese government purchased a large quantity of Mauser pistols directly from Mauser and continued to do so until they began purchasing Browning Hi-Power pistols from FN in the mid 1930s. The Chinese bought many Bolos and Model 1930 pistols. Some of these pistols are marked with Chinese characters, many are not. The Chinese also made their own copies of Mauser broomhandles as well as Spanish copies. Some of the more commonly encountered varieties are listed here.

Chinese contract Mauser 1896 and 1930, standard or bolo frame. With or without Chinese markings.

Many thousands of these were imported in the late 1980’s and early 1990’s. Many are in fair or poor condition. Bores are usually a rusted hole that a .30 caliber bullet will drop through. A few specimans in good or VG condition might be seen. Many were rebuilt and re-finished by importers or other companies. For a re-built gun with new 7.63 or 9mm barrel, use the Good value.

Chinese Marked, Handmade Copies

Crude copies of the Model 96; unsafe to fire.

Taku-Naval Dockyard Model

Approximately 6,000 copies of the Model 96 were made at the Taku-Naval Dockyard. Values listed below include a correct shoulder stock/holder.

Taku Naval Dockyard Model • Private collection, Paul Goodwin photo

Shansei Arsenal Model

Approximately 8,000 Model 96 pistols were manufactured in .45 ACP caliber at the Shansei Province Arsenal in 1929. Magazine capacity is 10 rounds.

NOTE: It has been reported that some newly made copies of the Shansei .45 were recently exported from China. Proceed with caution.

NOTE: Copies of the Model 96 were made by Unceta (Astra), Eulogio Arostegui (Azul), and Zulaica y Cia (Royal) and marketed by the firm of Beistegui Hermanos. These copies are covered in their own sections of this text.

Courtesy Gale Morgan

Courtesy Gale Morgan

CHINA STATE ARSENALS

From top to bottom: M20 export model, K54, K51 • Courtesy Chuck Karwan

Type 51/54 Pistol (TT33)

A 7.62mm semi-automatic pistol with a 4.5" barrel and 8-shot magazine. There is no safety. This model was produced in a number of communist countries. It is essentially a Soviet Tokarev TT-33.

NOTE: For cutaways add 200 percent.

Type 51/54 Pistol by Norinco

A 7.62mm semi-automatic pistol with a 4.5" barrel and 8-shot magazine. Made in the 1990s by Norinco for export to the U.S. A safety was added to comply with U.S. regulations. Also offered in 9mm or as a convertible model that came with 7.62 and 9mm barrel and magazines. Add 25 percent for two barrel set.

Type 59 Makarov by Norinco

This semi-automatic pistol is similar in appearance to the Walther PP pistol and is chambered for the 9mm Makarov (9x18mm) cartridge. It has a double-action trigger and is fitted with fixed sights. Barrel length is 3.6" and overall length is 6.4". Weight is approximately 25 oz. Magazine capacity is 8 rounds. Made for export by Norinco and imported in the early 1990s. No original Chinese issue Type 59s have been imported. If there are any here, it is likely they were vet “bringbacks” from Viet Nam or a later conflict.

Add 100 percent for Chinese issue Type 59 without Norinco markings.

Type 80

A Chinese version of the Mauser 96 pistol chambered for the 7.63x25mm cartridge. Fitted with a 7" barrel and detachable 10- or 20-round magazine, this pistol is capable of select fire. Weight is approximately 40 oz. See Mauser Schnellfeuer.

North Vietnamese Type 50 M • Paul Goodwin photo

SUBMACHINE GUNS

Type 43/53

This is a Chinese copy of a Soviet PPS 43 built during the Korean War.

Pre-1968

Exc.	V.G.	Fair
18500	15000	12500

Type 50

This model is a Chinese copy of the Soviet PPSh-41 submachine gun. It is chambered for the 7.62 Soviet pistol cartridge. Barrel is 10.5" and magazine capacity is 25, 32, or 40 rounds. Rate of fire is 600 rounds per minute. Weight is approximately 7.5 lbs. Markings are located on top of the receiver.

Pre-1968

Exc.	V.G.	Fair
18500	15500	12500

North Vietnamese K-50M

Similar to the Type 50 but unlike the Soviet model, this gun features a telescoping metal stock and no muzzle compensator.

Pre-1968

Exc.	V.G.	Fair
18500	15000	13000

RIFLES

MAUSER

Mauser Rifles

The Chinese used a wide variety of Mauser rifles from the Gew 71 to the Chinese Model 1924. Some of these are marked with Chinese characters and others are not. Many thousands of Mausers were imported from China in the 1980’s and early 1990’s. Most of the variations listed here were included in the importation. Most of these were in Fair or poor condition. They have been used a lot in the 50 or more years in Chinese service. Any Chinese contract Mauser in Very Good or better condition is a rare item.

For in-depth information on Chinese Mausers, see Robert W.D. Ball’s, Mauser Military Rifles of the World, 3rd Edition, Krause Publications, 2003.

G71 Rifle

This rifle is identical to the German model of the same designation.

K71 Carbine

This carbine is identical to the German model of the same designation.

M1895 Rifle

This model is identical to the Chilean Model 1895 rifle.

Hunyaug Rifle

This is a Chinese made rifle chambered for 8x57mm Mauser. It is a copy of the Gew-1888. The rifle does not have the barrel jacket. It was the first bolt action design manufactured in China.

Hunyaug Rifle

M1907 Rifle

This model is based on the German Model 1904. Chambered for the 7.92x57mm cartridge. Fitted with a 29" barrel and 5-round magazine. Tangent rear sight to 2,000 meters. Made with a pistol grip stock and upper handguard. On the receiver ring two superposed diamonds are marked with the Chinese date for rifles made in China. German built rifles will have Mauser or DWM stamped on them. Weight is about 8.25 lbs.

M1907 Carbine

As above but with 21.75" barrel and tangent sight to 1,400 meters. Turned down bolt handle and full stock. No bayonet. Weight is about 8 lbs.

M1912 Steyr Rifle

Chambered for the 7x57mm cartridge and fitted with a 28.75" barrel. Weight is about 9 lbs. Built in Austria.

M98/22 Rifle

Manufactured by CZ in BRNO, this rifle is based on the Mexican Model 1912 with a Model 98 action. It is half cocked with a full-length upper handguard with pistol grip. Chambered for the 7.92x57mm Mauser cartridge. Barrel length is 29" with a 5-round integral magazine. Weight is about 9.5 lbs. China purchased about 70,000 of these rifles.

FN M24 and 30 Short Rifles

M21 Short Rifle

A Chinese copy of the FN Model 30 Short Rifle. Pistol grip stock with upper handguard from receiver to upper band. Chambered for the 7.92x57mm cartridge and fitted with a 23.6" barrel. Tangent rear sight to 2,000 meters. Weight is about 8.5 lbs. Chinese characters marked on the receiver ring.

Chiang Kai-shek Short Rifle

Chambered for the 7.92x57mm cartridge. Fitted with a 23.6" barrel. Tangent rear sight to 2,000 meters. Magazine capacity is 5 rounds in a flush mounted box magazine. Weight is approximately 8.75 lbs. Chinese markings on the receiver ring. Manufactured between 1936 and 1949, this rifle became the standard issue for Chinese troops.

VZ24 Short Rifle

This is the Czech Model 24 short rifle purchased from Czechoslovakia in the mid-1930s. Approximately 100,000 were purchased and all have a “P” prefix in the serial number. All are dated 1937. Many of these rifles were captured by the Japanese during World War II and issued to Japanese troops. After the war these rifles were reissued to Chinese troops.

M1933 Standard Model Short Rifle

Chambered for the 7.92x57mm cartridge and fitted with a 23.6" barrel. Magazine capacity is 5 rounds in a flush-mounted box magazine. Tangent rear sight to 2,000 meters. Mauser banner trademark is marked on the receiver ring. Weight is about 8.75 lbs. Stock has a pistol grip and upper handguard. Straight bolt handle.

M1933 Standard Model Carbine

As above but with turned down bolt handle and sling swivels mounted on left side of stock. Chambered for the 7.92x57mm cartridge but also offered in 7.65x53mm and 7x57mm. Mauser trademark on receiver ring. Weight is about 8.5 lbs.

Bayonets for Chinese Mausers

China aquired bayonets along with the rifles they purchased from foreign makers. Look in the appropriate nations’ listings for bayonet specifics. Janzens Notebook mentions they made some domestically but none could be documented at the time of this writing.

VZ24 with Japanese Folding Bayonet (Chinese copy)

A copy of the VZ24 and fitted with a Japanese Model 44 folding bayonet. Pistol grip stock and straight bolt handle. Barrel length is 23". Chambered for the 7.92x57mm cartridge. Rear tangent sight to 2,000 meters. Chinese markings on the receiver. Weight is about 9 lbs.

Manchurian Mauser Rifle (Mukden Arsenal)

See Japan, Rifles.

ARISAKA

In 1946 the Chinese obtained large numbers of Japanese Type 99 rifles. These rifles were altered to 7.92x57mm, 8x57mm, or 7.62x39mm calibers. Original Type 99 barrels were cut and re-chambered. Most parts were refinished.

Type 53

This is a Chinese copy of the Soviet Model 1944 Mosin-Nagant carbine. Production began in 1953. Early models up to 1959 have Chinese characters for the model designation stamped on the receiver. Rifles made after 1959 do not have these characters. Chinese rifles have the bolt, magazine, floorplate, and buttplate serial-numbered to the rifle. Production ended sometime in the early 1960s.

Type 53 Rifle • Courtesy West Point Museum, Paul Goodwin photo

Type 56 Carbine (SKS)

A 7.62x39mm semi-automatic rifle with a 20.5" barrel and 10-shot fixed magazine. Blued with oil finished stock. The early Chinese military issue Type 56 rifles came with a blade bayonet. Later models had the spike bayonet. Price listed is for used Type 56 made for the Chinese military. Some were brought back from Viet Nam, others were imported in the late 1980s.

Norinco SKS

Same as above, but made for export sales to the U.S. Will have “Norinco” or other importer’s name on the receiver. They have a orange colored wood stock. At first they were imported with a spike bayonet, then the U.S. government ruled that the attached bayonet violated the “Sporting use” definition in federal law. Later importation had no mounting bracket for the bayonet.

Bayonets for Type 56 SKS

After the U.S. government prohibited importation of SKS rifles with bayonets installed, the importers simply brought them in separately. Value for blade or spike is the same. Price range 25 – 10.

Norinco SKS with detachable magazine

This version was made to accept AK-47 type detachable magazines. There are three variants. The first was a standard pattern SKS, with or without the bayonet.

After the ban on importation of “assault rifles” they were made in a “sporter” configuration. One variation has a monte carlo stock, the other has a thumbhole stock.

North Korean Type 56 Carbine (SKS)

Same overall design as the Chinese version but with high quality fit and finish. Has a gas shut off valve on the gas block. This was to allow use of a grenade launcher. Reddish-brown laminated stock. Rare.

SKS Carbine • Paul Goodwin photo

Chinese Type 56-1 • Paul Goodwin photo

Chinese Type 56 Rifle

A close copy of the AK-47 and first produced in 1958, this select fire rifle is chambered for the 7.62x39mm cartridge. It is fitted with a 16" barrel and has a magazine capacity of 30 rounds. This model has a folding bayonet hinged below the muzzle. Weight is about 8.4 lbs. Rate of fire is 600 rounds per minute. Markings on left side of receiver. Still in production. This rifle was adopted by Chinese forces and was seen in Cambodia as well.

There are a number of subvariations of the Type 56. Early guns had machined receivers with Chinese characters for selector markings, some of which are marked “M22” to designate export sales. Another style is fitted with a folding spike bayonet as well as a machined receiver. Still another style has a stamped receiver, Chinese characters for selector markings, and a folding spike bayonet. All are direct copies of the Soviet model AK-47.

Another variation of the Type 56 was the Type 56-1, which featured prominent rivets on a folding metal butt. No bayonet. Other variants of the Type 56-1 are fitted with a folding spike bayonet and folding metal buttstock. The Type 56-2 has a skeleton tubular stock which folds to the right side of the receiver with no bayonet. There is also the Type 56-C with plastic furniture, side folding butt with cheekpiece, and improved sights with no bayonet.

NOTE: Type 56 rifles manufactured by China North Industries (NORINCO) will have stamped on the left side of the receiver the number “66” in a triangle.

Pre-1968

Exc.	V.G.	Fair
32500	30000	28000

Pre-1986 conversions

Exc.	V.G.	Fair
15000	14000	13000

Type 56 (AK Clone semi-automatic versions)

Imported from China in semi-automatic versions and built by Poly Tech and Norinco in different styles and configurations, some of which are listed below.

Milled Receiver—Poly Tech

NOTE: For folding stock version add 20 percent.

Type 79

A Chinese copy of the Soviet Dragunov SVD sniper rifle.

MACHINE GUNS

NOTE: See also Great Britain, Machine Guns, Bren MK2.

Type 24

A Chinese copy of the German Model 1909 commercial Maxim built under the supervision of German engineers.

Pre-1968

Exc.	V.G.	Fair
25000	18500	15000

Pre-1986 manufacture with new side plate

Exc.	V.G.	Fair
12500	11000	10000

Type 53 • Courtesy West Point Museum, Paul Goodwin photo

Pre-1968

Exc.	V.G.	Fair
28000	26000	24000

Pre-1986 manufacture with new receiver or re-weld

Exc.	V.G.	Fair
20000	17500	15000

Type 53

Chinese copy of the Soviet DPM machine gun.

Pre-1968

Exc.	V.G.	Fair
20000	18000	16000

Pre-1986 manufacture with new receiver or re-weld

Exc.	V.G.	Fair
10000	9000	8000

Type 57 with mount • Courtesy West Point Museum, Paul Goodwin photo

Type 54

Chinese-made variation of the Soviet DShK 38/46.

Pre-1968

Exc.	V.G.	Fair
—	35000	30000

Type 56

Chinese copy of the Soviet Model RPD light machine gun.

Pre-1968 (Rare)

Exc.	V.G.	Fair
45000	37500	35000

Pre-1986 manufacture with new receiver or re-weld

Exc.	V.G.	Fair
35000	27500	250000

Type 57

Chinese copy of the Soviet SG-43.

Pre-1968

Exc.	V.G.	Fair
35000	28000	25000

Pre-1986 manufacture with new receiver or re-weld

Exc.	V.G.	Fair
28000	25000	20000

Type 58

Licensed Chinese-made copy of the Soviet RP-46.

Pre-1968

Exc.	V.G.	Fair
25000	23000	21000

Pre-1986 manufacture with new receiver or re-weld

Exc.	V.G.	Fair
10000	9000	8000

Type 58 • Courtesy West Point Museum, Paul Goodwin photo