Читать книгу Carbon Dioxide Emission Management in Power Generation - Prof. Lars O. Nord - Страница 22

Can CCS contribute to a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions? The International Energy Agency (IEA) projects the increase in world energy demand and the associated increase in CO₂ emissions by utilising different scenarios. Two of the scenarios are used in Example 1.1. The New Policies Scenario takes account of the broad policy commitments and plans that have been announced by countries around the world to tackle either environmental or energy-security concerns, even where the measures to implement these commitments have yet to be identified or announced. The 450 Scenario includes actions necessary to have approximately a 50% chance of meeting a 2 °C increase in global average temperature from pre-industrial levels. To meet this goal, predictions indicate a need to limit the atmospheric CO₂ concentration to 450 ppmv. To decrease the CO₂ emissions from the New Policies Scenario to the 450 Scenario, several measures would be necessary. This includes a focus on energy efficiency, an increase in renewable energy, nuclear energy, and CCS. Seventeen percentage of the decrease in CO₂ emissions would be covered by CCS by the year 2035 (IEA 2012). Example 1.1 gives an example on the number of CCS plants necessary to achieve this.