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LESSON 13

More Particles

Here are some one-shape particles, with examples after both consonants and vowels:

PARTICLEMEANINGSEXAMPLES
ui (PRO-NOUNCED e)modification orGim-ssi-chaek ieyo. 김씨의 책이에요
subordinationIt’s Mr. Kim’s book.
Nugu-ui moja eyo?
누구의 모자에요?
Whose hat is it?
e(1) direction toGeu-neun hakgyo-e gamnida.
그는 학교에 갑니다
He goes to school.
Geu-neun eun(h)aeng-e gamnida.
그는 은행에 갑니다.
He goes to the bank.
(2) location at, inGeu-neun hakgyo-e isseoyo.
그는 학교에 있어요.
He is in school.
Geu-neun eun(h)aeng-e isseoyo.
그는 은행에 있어요.
He’s at the bank.
(3) a point inHan si-e ol geyo.
time at, in한 시에 올게요.
I’m coming at one o’clock.
Ojeon-e ol geyo.
오전에 올게요.
I’m coming in the morning.
(4) impersonalGeu reul eun(h)aeng-e bonael
indirect objectgeoeyo.
그를 은행에 보낼게요.
I’m sending (him, it) to the bank.
Hoesa-e emeileul sseugo isseoyo.
회사에 이메일을 쓰고 있어요.
I’m writing an email to the company.
hantepersonalPumonim-gge bonael geoeyo.
indirect object부모님께 보낼꺼에요.
to, at, forI’m sending it to (my) parents.
(a person)Chingu-hante emeileul sseugo
isseoyo.
친구한테 이메일을 쓰고 있어요.
I’m writing an email to the company.
egeSAME; lessBiseo-ege jul geyo.
colloquial비서에게 줄게요.
I’m giving it to the secretary.
bogoSAME; moreNugu-bogo mal hae yo?
colloquial누구보고 말해요?
Who are you telling (to)?
Gim-ssi-bogo iri ora haseyo.
김씨-보고 이리 오라 하세요.
Tell Mr. Kim to come here.


PARTICLEMEANINGSEXAMPLES
seo, eseo(1) dynamicHakkyo-eseo yeongeo-reul
locationbaewosseoyo.
(happens) at, in학교에서 영어 배웠어요.
I learned English at school.
Seoul-eseo taeeonasseoyo.
서울에서 태어났어요.
I was born in Seoul.
(2) from (a place)Yeogi-seo meoreoyo.
여기서 멀어요.
It’s far from here.
Ucheguk-eseo oreunjjok-euro
doragaseyo.
우체국에서 오른쪽으로 돌아
가세요.
From the post office, turn to the right.
egeseofrom (a person)Nugu-e ke seo deureosseoyo.
누구에게서 들었어요.
I heard it from someone.
buteofrom (a timeYeogi-buteo sijak hapsida.
or place)여기부터 시작합시다.
Let’s start from here.
Achim-buteo bam-kkaji ilman hamnida.
아침부터 밤까지 일합니다.
I work from morning till night.
kkaji(all the way up) toHan si-kkaji oseyo.
(a place or time)한 시까지 오세요.
Come by 1 o’clock.
Yeogi-kkaji hapsida.
여기까지 합시다.
Let’s stop here.
hagowith, and (MOREChaek-hago yeonpil kkeonaeseyo.
COLLOQUIAL THAN책하고 연필 꺼내세요.
wa/gwa)Take out a book and a pencil.
Chingu-hago gayo.
친구하고 가요.
I’m going (together) with a friend.
manjust, onlyYeonpil-man isseoyo.
연필만 있어요.
I’ve only got a pencil.
Chingu-man mannayo.
친구만 만나요.
I’m only seeing my friend.
gachilikeAgi-gachi malhaeyo.
아기 같이 말해요.
He speaks like a baby.
Nabi-kachi chumchwoyo.
나비같이 춤춰요
She dances like a butterfly.
bak-keoutside of, exceptJip-bak-e eopseoyo.
(orfor, aside from,집 밖에 없어요.
bakke)or (anything) butI haven’t but my house. = I have
only my house.
(Jip-man iseoyo. 집만 있어요.)
Gim moksa-bakke amudo
an wasseoyo.
김목사 밖에 아무도 안 왔어요.
(They) didn’t come but Rev. Kim =
Only Rev. Kim came.
(Kim moksa-man wasseoyo.
김목사 만 왔어요.)


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