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LESSON 1

Vowels

The vowels and combinations of y or w with a vowel are pronounced somewhat as follows:

i		ㅣ	as in marine (meet, cheat)
	wi	ㅟ	as in we(queen, between, sweet)
e		ㅔ	This is pronounced identically to aein modern Korean.
			There isn’t an exact English equivalent.
	ye	예	Halfway between “yay” and the “ye” in yes (or yeah)
	weh	ㅞ	More like the English word way, but about halfway to “weh.”
ae		ㅐ	The closest English equivalent is like the English “eh”—sort of between “ay” and “e.” There isn’t an exact English equivalent.
	yae	ㅒ	Halfway between “yay” and the “ye” in yes
	wae	ㅙ	More like the English word way, but about halfway to “weh.”
oe		ㅚ	usually pronounced just like the English word way,but halfway to “weh”
a		ㅏ	as ah(father)
	ya	ㅑ	as yard, German ja
	wa	ㅘ	as Wahshington (but not Worshington or Wohshington!)
eu		ㅡ	This is like the French sound eu—there is no English equivalent.
u		ㅜ	as June, soon, too(WITH LIPS PUSHED OUT)
	yu	ㅠ	as you,cue, pew(WITH LIPS PUSHED OUT)
eo		ㅓ	between song and sung; like song, law, bought (WITH LIPS PULLED BACK HARD); or like sung, lung, butt (WITH TONGUE PULLED BACK AND PUSHED DOWN, AS IF WITH A SPOON)
	yeo	ㅕ	between yawn and young
	wo	ㅝ	between wall and won
o		ㅗ	as in no
	yo	ㅛ	as in yokel
ui		ㅢ	The combination uihas three different pronunciations depending on the usage:(1) At the beginning of a word it is pronounced like u.(2) At the end of a word it is pronounced like i.(3) As a separate particle meaning of, it is pronounced like e.
			In this book, you will find the first pronunciation indicated as ui(i) and the second as eu i. But you will have to remember that the particle ui is pronounced like e.

You will note that letters in Korean are not written independently as in English but rather are connected in syllables. Each syllable is read left-right and up-down, and some are only left-right while some are only up-down and some are both. Here are some examples:

Left-right: ㅇ (place marker) + ㅏ (a) = 아 (a)

ㄴ (n) + ㅓ (eo) = 너 neo

Up-down: ㄱ (g) + ㅗ (o) = 고 (go)

ㅇ (place marker) + ㅜ (u) + ㄹ (l) = 울 ul

Both: ㄴ (n) + ㅐ (ae) + ㅁ (m) = 냄 naem

ㅈ (j) + ㅣ (i) + ㄱ (k) = 직 jik

Here are some common words to practice the vowels on:

i	tooth	이
jip	house	집
gwi	ear	귀
jwi	rat	쥐
dwi	behind	뒤
ne	yes	네
ye	yes	예
gyohoe	church	교회
hoeui	meeting	회의
Choe	Choe (name)	최
soe	iron	쇠
sae	bird	새
sonyeo	girl	소녀
agi	baby	아기
hae	sun, year	해
maeil	every day	매일
iyagi	story, talk	이야기
wae	why	왜
mal	horse	말
bam	night	밤
joreugi	badger; tighten	조르기
wanbyeok	perfect, perfection	완벽
gwanggo	advertisement	광고
eumsik	food	음식
eunhaeng	bank	은행
geurim	picture	그림
nun	eye; snow	눈
mu	turnip	무
yuri	glass	유리
dubu	bean-curd, tofu	두부
gyuyul	regulations	규율
meonjeo	first of all	먼저
eonje	when	언제
neomu mani	too much	너무 많이
gyeongjehak	economics	경제학
geokjjeong	worry	걱정
won	won (currency)	원
ssaum	fight	싸움
don	money	돈
sori	sound	소리
gong	ball	공
pyo	ticket	표
hakgyo	school	학교
uija	chair	의자
uisa	doctor	의사
uimi	meaning	의미
jipjung	attention	집중
uinon	discussion	의논