Читать книгу Musculoskeletal Disorders - Sean Gallagher - Страница 20

Most experts agree that heavy physical work, lifting, prolonged static work postures, frequent bending and twisting, and exposure to vibration may contribute to back injuries. A systematic review of physical work factors performed by the NIOSH found strong evidence of a causal relationship between both lifting/forceful movements and exposure to whole‐body vibration and LBP. Evidence suggesting a causal relationship to LBP was also found for adoption of awkward postures and heavy physical work (NIOSH, 1997). A further systematic review performed by the (National Research Council–Institute of Medicine, 2001) demonstrated that activities such as manual materials handling, frequent twisting and bending, heavy physical load, and exposure to whole‐body vibration demonstrated positive association to risk of low back disorders in the preponderance of studies investigating such factors. These findings have been supported by more recent data on the relationship between LBP and occupational activities, in which tasks such as carrying, lifting heavy weight while in trunk flexion, and adoption of awkward postures (including bending, squatting, twisting, and kneeling) demonstrated higher LBP risk (Amorim et al., 2019).