Читать книгу Root Cause Failure Analysis - Trinath Sahoo - Страница 76

For practical application, it is important to understand the errors personnel are likely to make. Steps can be taken to eliminate them or, if this is not possible, to minimize the consequences.

The main causes of human error are as follows:

 unfamiliarity: a job or situation is important but occurs infrequently or is novel,

 time shortage: not enough time is available to complete the job by following procedure or for error detection and correction,

 understanding: People do not understand the job properly or no means available to convey information such that it is easy to understand,

 “Mental models”: the way the operator imagines a system to work is different to how the designer imagined it,

 information overload: simultaneous presentation of information goes beyond a persons capacity to understand,

 new techniques: the need to learn new techniques which may follow philosophies opposing those that have been used previously,

 feedback system: feedback is poor, ambiguous, or inappropriate,

 conformation: no clear conformation is available from the system of the action that is required to control it,

 inexperience: the circumstance present requires experience, to understand and control the situation, beyond that of the person involved,

 information quality: specified procedures, or instructions from other humans, are of poor quality such that they are inappropriate to the situation present when followed,

 diversity: the system has no diversity to allow checking of information presented,

 physical ability: the person does not have the physical ability to perform the required tasks,

 mental stimulation: the person is required to spend a lot of time either inactive or involved in highly repetitive, menial tasks,

 disruption: work patterns cause disruption to normal sleep and rest cycles,

 pacing: other people influence the pace at which tasks can be performed,

 over manning: more people present than required to do the job satisfactorily.