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Here human manual control is replaced by automatic controls, generally electronic devices. These devices will do as instructed without the problems of human variability and unpredictabilty. With a high amount of automation, the human has different tasks to perform. They are basically there to deal with unforeseen circumstances or to perform tasks that the designer cannot automate. This generally means that during normal operation there is less to be done. Automation can be useful but must be designed correctly. The information should match the operators own mental idea of what is happening. The information should be useful. Important information should be given priority, cross checking should be possible to validate information, alarm analysis and decision aids should be included. Operators probably need more training to operate automated plant although it would appear they have less to do than on a manually operated plant.

Automation can be useful but must be designed correctly. The information should match the operators own mental idea of what is happening. The information should be useful. Important information should be given priority, cross‐checking should be possible to validate information, alarm analysis and decision aids should be included.