Читать книгу Clinical Obesity in Adults and Children - Группа авторов - Страница 77

The first description of hypothalamic injury associated with obesity was published by Mohr in 1840 [19] but remained unsupported until two landmark papers by Babinski in 1900 [20] and by Frohlich in 1901 [21] describing tumors in the region of the hypothalamus that were associated with obesity, gonadal atrophy, decreased vision and short stature. In 1940, Hetherington and Ranson demonstrated that electrolytic lesions in rodents involving, but not restricted to, the ventromedial region of the hypothalamus (VMH) were associated with hyperphagia (increased food intake), hyperinsulinemia and obesity [22]. However, the precise nature of these hypothalamic pathways and the nature of their inputs and outputs were only clarified with the identification and characterization of single‐gene defects in rodent models of obesity.