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HCI is the most acidic juice humans produce. Its main functions include:

 HCI secretion assists protein digestion by activating pepsinogen and turning it into pepsin

 HCI sterilizes the stomach against ingested pathogens (harmful bacteria, etc.)

 HCI prevents bacteria, yeast and fungi from growing in the small intestine

 HCI encourages the flow of bile

 HCI encourages the flow of pancreatic enzymes

 HCI facilitates the absorption of folic acid, vitamin B12, vitamins A and E, ascorbic acid, beta-carotene, non-heme iron and some forms of calcium, magnesium and zinc.

Your body makes about 2 litres of gastric juices a day. In turn, the parietal cells produce HCI acid. HCI is produced in minimal amounts when you are not eating, at about 10 per cent of maximal rate. The pH on an empty stomach should normally be about 1.8–2.0.