Читать книгу The Concise Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics - Carol A. Chapelle - Страница 100

Developing high‐quality integrated prompts can be challenging because these tasks are often complex, including multiple steps and texts. The development or selection of source texts requires decisions to be made about the length and level of the text as well as about the content. For example, some tests include multiple texts that give different opinions on a topic while others have one long text that describes a single phenomenon. When test developers aim to produce parallel items these considerations about texts need to be taken into account. Carefully crafted instructions are an important consideration. Test takers need a clear idea of what is expected and, as much as possible, of how to integrate the skills in their process and product. Studies have shown that test takers approach these tasks in a variety of ways, some using both skills to complete the tasks while others use only one skill and thus are not truly integrating. With more frequent use, test takers' confusion may decrease; however, those unfamiliar with the type of assessment may struggle to understand how to complete the task, which can affect their score regardless of their language ability.