Читать книгу The Concise Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics - Carol A. Chapelle - Страница 95

In most cases, integrated assessment tasks are performance based, leading to writing or speaking, rather than completion of selected response items such as multiple‐choice questions. The integration of skills in assessment may occur during the process of composing the constructed response; for example, in a speaking task that includes summarization, the test taker is required to use the cognitive processes involved in both reading and speaking. Integrated tasks may also require that the final product from the task include integration; for example, the TOEFL task requires that content from listening and reading texts be combined in the written summary.

Integrated tasks have been categorized into at least three types: text or content‐responsible, stimulus‐related, and thematically linked. The most common type is text or content‐responsible (Leki & Carson, 1997; Knoch & Sitajalabhorn, 2013), which requires the test taker to write or speak about the content of texts. Examples might include an oral summarization task or a persuasive essay that requires test takers to use ideas from source texts for supporting evidence. The prompt below illustrates such a task, which is referred to as a “content‐responsible” task.

Directions: Read the following passage that gives an opinion about technology. Then explain the writer's main point and why you agree or disagree with it.