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Macronutrients is the term used for the three main food groups: proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Each fulfils a particular nutritional need, and in a ‘balanced’ diet all of them must be present—within limits. It isn’t the overall quantity of protein, fat or carbohydrate that really matters, but the quality. We’ll discuss protein briefly in this chapter—but children’s consumption of carbohydrates and fats is so often ‘wrong’ in quality terms that we’ll look at these topics separately in Chapters 7 and 8.