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Nonnormative Stressors

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Parents also face stressor events that are nonnormative through unpredictable occurrences that substantially disrupt the everyday pattern of parent–child relationships (Allen, 2017; Hill, 1949; see Chapter 1). Nonnormative stressor events are often sudden, dramatic occurrences that have high potential of disrupting the lives of parents and family members. Most often, these stressors are products of unique situations that are unlikely to be repeated very often. Examples include a natural disaster (e.g., Tiffany’s flood, hurricanes, tornados); the sudden death of a child; a sudden, disabling injury to a family member; or winning the state lottery. All are unexpected and have the potential to disrupt family relationships and require structural changes that can lead to greater stress for parents (Allen, 2017; Hill, 1949; see Chapter 1). These events, however, are not inherently stressful in exactly the same way for all parents. Instead, nonnormative stressors vary in their disruptive qualities depending upon the parents’ subjective interpretations and the resources (or vulnerabilities) they have available.

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