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Uterine epithelial cells (UECs) can range from cuboidal in anestrus to tall columnar during the estrous cycle. A majority of UECs are not ciliated, but ciliated cells are often observed in cytology preparations (Figure 17.1). A range of UECs may be noted, including large rafts of cells, intact individual cells, or disrupted UECs (Figure 17.2). A large number of disrupted or degenerate UECs may indicate improper sample preparation, handling, or storage prior to staining or may be associated with a chronic uterine infection.

Figure 17.1 Ciliated tall columnar epithelial cells normally found in non‐inflammatory uterine cytology.