Читать книгу Recognition and Perception of Images - Группа авторов - Страница 36

For the perception of primary visual information, monocular signs of space play an important role. However, to accurately determine the depth of space requires the activity of both eyes. Binocular signs are spatial information that can only be obtained by perceiving the surroundings with both eyes.

Binocular disparity. Animals with a frontal arrangement of eyes (predators, primates) see a large part of the visual field with both eyes. Within the area of binocular overlap, two eyes receive slightly different images of the same three-dimensional visual information. The field of view of one eye is somewhat different from the field of view of the other. This difference between the two retinal images is called binocular disparity (binocular parallax). Disparity is strongly pronounced for closely located objects, and decreases as they are removed. After four meters, the difference between retinal images becomes insignificant, and binocular disparity weakens.