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Due to common inheritance, different breeds of cats and dogs can be more prone to certain hereditary diseases. These can occur as a higher prevalence of common genetic diseases such as allergies, hip dysplasia, or feline urological syndrome/inflammatory cystitis. Other breed‐related diseases are caused by more recent mutations that are only present in a specific breed or group of related breeds.

Several breed organizations and/or genetic testing companies list recommended breed‐specific genetic tests and screening (see 3.7 Genetic Health Registries and Research Organizations). Parent‐breed dog clubs in the US may list prebreeding screening tests through the OFA‐CHIC program (www.ofa.org/browse‐by‐breed) and AKC Breed with HEART program (www.akc.org/breeder‐programs/akc‐bred‐with‐heart‐program/requirements/health‐testing‐requirements). For cat breeds, International Cat Care lists breed‐specific genetic diseases (https://icatcare.org/advice/?per_page=12&categories=cat‐breeds).