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Advances in genetic research are providing genetic tests for pathology and biopsy specimens. These tests can provide more specific prognostic and differential treatment recommendations for many types of cancer (see 2.20 Cancer Precision Medicine), liver disease, hematological disorders, etc.

Many owners and breeders ask what tests should be done for their cats and dogs. For a pet, it is only important to know that the individual pet is not going to be affected by a specific disease. For breeding animals, it is important to know not only whether they may be affected by a genetic disease, but whether they carry validated disease liability genes that they can pass on to their offspring. Genetic testing and screening should be done for a purpose. Are the results going to change how you would treat a patient or alter your recommendations? See 3.8 (Genetic Counseling) for specific recommendations based on genetic test results.