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A parallel topic to MS is certification. That is, formal approaches associated with determining the level of conformance an implemented MS has to the standard upon which is it based. This distinction is addressed in more detail later in the chapter but is introduced here given the central nature that certification has historically had in the MS/OHSMS space. It has been common to associate certification as the primary, if not only reason to develop an organizational MS or OHSMS.

Overtime, an equally prominent, if not more dominant driver to develop an OHSMS is its function as an effective risk management and organizational learning tool (rather than as just a means for certification), as they provide a structured approach that supports continual improvement, improved decision‐making, increased participation, and accelerated integration of IH/OH&S activities within an organization. Most importantly, such systems provide a solid foundation for the consistent execution of strategies to reduce and eliminate OH&S injuries, illness, and fatalities – that is, strategies that orient beyond historical compliance and technical focus.