Читать книгу Kelly Vana's Nursing Leadership and Management - Группа авторов - Страница 154

1 Answer: D is correct.Rationale: The national organization that accredits health care organizations is known as (D) Joint Commission. (A) The ANA is the professional nurses association. (B) Health professions Commission, and (C) the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality do not accredit health care organizations.

2 Answer D: is correct.Rationale: The largest purchaser of health care in America is (D) Medicare, Medicaid, and other governmental programs. (A) Private individuals, (B) Private insurance companies, and (C) Health Maintenance Organizations are not the largest purchaser.

3 Answer: B is correct.Rationale: (B) Donabedian identified a structure, process, and outcome framework for quality. The others, (A) Nightingale, (C) Starr, and (D) Lohr did not.

4 Answer: A is correct.Rationale: (A) Socioeconomic status is the top underlying cause of health care disparity in the United States, so (B) age, (C) geographical location, or (D) chronic illness are all incorrect.

5 Answer: A is correct.Rationale: Payment for health care services as a fixed dollar amount per member over a period of time is referred to as (A) traditional fee for services, so not (B) prospective payment system, (C) capitation, or (D) diagnostic related groupings.

6 Answer: B, C, D, E, and F are correct answers.Rationale: The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act provides comprehensive health care reform through a number of initiatives, including all except (A) restricting in‐patient hospital stays. (B) Expanding health insurance coverage, (C) targeting fraud, abuse, and waste in health care, (D) increasing access to primary care services, and (E) promoting preventive health strategies, are all correct.

7 Answer: A, B, C, D, and E are correct answers.Rationale: Key factors contributing to rising health care costs in the United States include (A) an aging population, (B) advancements in technology, (C) increased utilization of pharmaceuticals, (D) rising costs of primary care, and (E) administrative costs.

8 Answer: A is correct.Rationale: The competencies for the education of health care professionals recommended by the Institute of Medicine to improve the quality of health care include all except (A) primary care settings. They do include (B) a patient‐centered approach, (C) use of health information technology, or (D) evidence‐based practice.

9 Answer: B is correct.Rationale: The link between adverse patient outcomes and cleanliness was discovered by (B) Florence Nightingale, not (A) W. Edwards Deming, (C) Isabel Hampton Robb, or (D) Dorthea Dix.

10 Answer: C is correct.Rational: The three components of health care systems are: (1) structure (resources or “structures” required to deliver health care), (2) process (quality activities, procedures, and tasks performed to deliver quality health care), and (3) outcome (the results of good health care delivery). Therefore (A), (B), and D are all incorrect.