Читать книгу Anterior Skull Base Tumors - Группа авторов - Страница 24

The diagnosis of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma is made after the exclusion of morphologically recognised squamous- and glandular-derived carcinomas [11, 12]. Tumours are characterised by primitive malignant epithelial cells with high mitotic figures and cellular necrosis and no squamous or glandular differentiation [13, 14]. Patients are typically elderly males who present with an advanced stage disease. Tumours most commonly originate from the nasal cavity and ethmoid [15, 16]. Grossly, tumours are typically light tan and soft, infiltrative and ill-defined. Histologically, the lesion is composed of sheets of undifferentiated cells with a low nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, prominent nucleoli, and reticular and clear nuclei with a high mitotic rate and necrosis [15]. Lymphocytic infiltrate may be present associated with epithelial tumour cells, similar to what is observed in nasopharyngeal and human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal carcinoma [16].

Table 1. Broad differential application of immunomarkers