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NUT Carcinoma

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This rare entity is defined as poorly differentiated carcinoma that expresses the nuclear protein in testis (NUT) gene [1719]. The diagnosis requires a high degree of suspicion by clinicians and pathologists especially in midline locations, which are a hallmark of the tumour. NUT carcinoma commonly affects young patients but can occur at any age [20]. The most common sites of origin are the nose and paranasal sinuses, but other sites may be affected. Tumours present as a rapidly growing mass with non-specific signs and symptoms [21]. Histologically, the lesion displays undifferentiated/poorly differentiated carcinoma cells similar to those affecting other sites. Diagnosis is based on the detection of rearrangements of the NUT gene (NUTM1). In the majority of tumours, the NUTM1 gene on chromosome 15q14 is fused with BRD4 genes. Less commonly, the NUT1 gene is fused with other partners including the BRD3 and WHSC1L1 genes. The prognosis of patients with this entity is generally poor [2224].

Anterior Skull Base Tumors

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