Читать книгу Anterior Skull Base Tumors - Группа авторов - Страница 49

Chondrosarcoma commonly develops from the nasal septum or nasoethmoidal complex, but may present as an extension from a maxillary primary. The tumour presents in different age groups, with the mesenchymal phenotype mainly affecting patients in the 2nd and 3rd decades of life [78]. The most common presenting symptoms are craniofacial bone expansion and pain, as well as nasal obstruction and orbital content displacement. Grossly, these tumours manifest translucent and cartilaginous features with scattered calcifications. Myxomatous areas with lobulation are commonly seen. The histologic spectrum seen in these tumours ranges from benign-appearing hyaline cartilaginous lesions to highly cellular malignant spindle cell sarcoma [79–81]. Malignant chondrocytic cells, a defining feature of these tumours, must be identified. The lesion can manifest as myxoid, clear cell, dedifferentiated, and mesenchymal phenotypes. Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is rare and may cause differential diagnostic difficulties. These tumours are composed of highly cellular spindle cell proliferations in interlacing short fascicles with focal cartilaginous formations.