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2.2.2 Hemicellulose
ОглавлениеHemicellulose is another heterogenous polysaccharide in plant cell wall with β (1–4) linked backbones of glucose, mannose, or xylose sugars. The term hemicellulose was coined at the archaic time when their structure and biosynthesis were not fully understood. By nature, it was not cellulose nor pectin, therefore the researchers have suggested the name of hemicellulose. Recently, the different features and structural properties of the hemicellulose has been explored but the term is still used by the researchers refereeing to the cell wall polysaccharides [13].
Hemicelluloses polysaccharides includes xylans, glucomannans, xyloglucans, mannans and β (1–3)–(1–4) glucans with the C1 and C4 equatorial configuration in their backbone. All these types of hemicelluloses are present in the cell wall terrestrial plants, expect of β (1–3)–(1–4) glucans, which only present in Poales (Order of flowering plants in the monocotyledons). The structure and abundance of the hemicellulose can vary among different special and cell wall types. The biological function of the hemicellulose is the strengthening of the cell wall of plant cells via deposition with lignin and cellulosic microfibrils [14].