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2.2.4.2 Arabinan

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Arabinan is also branched pectic sugar that has a backbone of α (1–5) L-Arabinose with helical structure. The branch consists of single chain of arabinose residues which are linked via (1–2) or (1–3) bonds. The branches of arabinan often degraded during cell expansion and fruit ripening [28, 29]. Arabinan have further two classes such as, Arabinogalactan I and Arabinogalactan II. AG-I is the most common arabinan which abundantly found in several fruits as well as in the cell wall of dicot plants. The backbone of AG-I is made of (1–4) linked β-D-galacturonic acid with small side chain having α (1–5) linked arabinose attached at the O3 position [30]. AG-II is highly complexed pectic polysaccharides that oftenly conjugated with proteins known as arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs). These proteins have 90% polysaccharides and less than 10% of amino acids. Structurally, AG-II has branched backbone which consisting of β (1–3), (1–6) linked D-Galacturonic acid subunits. AG-II has a small branch of one to two residues that also β (1–6) linked D-Galacturonic acid linkages [30, 31].

Polysaccharides

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