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2.2.2.1 Xyloglucan
ОглавлениеXyloglucan (XyG) is the most frequently occurring hemicellulose in the primary cell wall of the all land plants including mosses but not yet been found in the grasses and Charophytes. The hemicellulosic XyG have branched structure with alpha-D-xylose that is linked to C6 of glucose molecule. The XyG may be have β-D-galactose with less amount of L-fucose, (1–2) α-D-galactose and the galactose residues have been attached with acetyl moiety. In addition, the substituents of XyG are highly conserved and regulated during its biosynthesis. XyG is not found in the secondary cell wall although it plays a role in the interlacing of microfibrils in primary cell wall. Similarly, XyG plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth and expansion, particularly in the combination with enzyme such as xyloglucan endotransglycosylase. Most interestingly, the degraded XyG shows an anti-auxin effect, thus plays a pivotal role in cellular communication. It also helps in fruit maturing and fruit-ripening related softening [15–17].